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Neuro developmental disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Author:
Dr Ram Kumar

What are the conditions and why are they important

ASD, a neurodevelopmental disorder, affects communication, social interaction and behaviour. Recognising and managing ASD is paramount, given its influence on a child’s ability to engage with the world. Similarly, ADHD, characterized by attention difficulties, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, can significantly impact academic and social functioning. Early intervention by healthcare professionals can enhance the developmental trajectories of children with ASD and ADHD.

Signs and symptoms

 ASD manifests in various ways, including challenges in communication, repetitive behaviours, and difficulties in social interactions. ADHD, on the other hand, may present with inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. A thorough neurological assessment is essential for accurate diagnosis, enabling tailored interventions that address the unique needs of each child.

When to seek medical advice

Parents and caregivers should seek medical advice if they observe persistent signs of ASD or ADHD in their child. Early identification allows for timely intervention, facilitating the implementation of individualized management strategies.

Advice on management

Managing ASD and ADHD involves a multidisciplinary strategy, from behavioural interventions and social skills training to pharmacological options when necessary. It is important to foster collaboration between healthcare professionals, educators and families, so that children and young people with neurodevelopmental disorders can reach their full potential.

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